Kidney organoid reproducibility across multiple human iPSC lines and diminished off target cells after transplantation revealed by single cell transcriptomics
Updated August 30, 2022Human iPSC-derived kidney organoids have the potential to revolutionize discovery, but assessing their consistency and reproducibility across iPSC lines, and reducing the generation of off-target cells remain an open challenge. Here, we used single cell RNA-Seq (scRNA-Seq) to profile 450,118 cells to show that organoid composition and development are comparable to human fetal and adult kidneys. Although cell classes were largely reproducible across iPSC lines, time points, protocols, and replicates, cell proportions were variable between different iPSC lines. Off-target cell proportions were the most variable. Prolonged in vitro culture did not alter cell types, but organoid transplantation under the mouse kidney capsule diminished off-target cells. Our work shows how scRNA-seq can help score organoids for reproducibility, faithfulness and quality, that kidney organoids derived from different iPSC lines are comparable surrogates for human kidney, and that transplantation enhances their formation by diminishing off-target cells. Overall design: We have 49 organoids in total. We include 4 donors (AS, ThF, N1, N2; 2 males, 2 females) at 4 timepoints: 1 replicate each at the iPSC (Day 0), 1 replicate for 2 donors (N1, N2), 2 for the other two (AS, ThF) at Day 7, 3 replicates each at Days 15 and 29. For one donor (AS), we include 2 experiments at D15 and D29. For one donor (ThF), we have extended culture experiments at D32 (3 replicates) and D51(1 replicate). For ThF, we generated D29 organoids (3 replicates) from a second protocol. We have 2 transplanted organoids at D29. Organoids were pooled on lanes using a randomized design to ensure that organoids replicates from an individual batch (donor, replicate, condition) were distributed across lanes.
To reference this project, please use the following link:
For information regarding data sharing and data use, please see our Data Access Policy.
Analysis Portals
NoneProject Label
transplantedKidneyOrganoidsSpecies
Sample Type
Anatomical Entity
Organ Part
Selected Cell Types
Model Organ
Disease Status (Specimen)
Disease Status (Donor)
Development Stage
Library Construction Method
Nucleic Acid Source
Paired End
falseAnalysis Protocol
analysis_protocol_1File Format
Cell Count Estimate
450.1kDonor Count
2